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Valery Chalidze
Valery Chalidze ((グルジア語:ვალერი ჭალიძე); (ロシア語:Валерий Николаевич Чалидзе), ''Valeriy Nikolayevich Chalidze'') (born 1938) is a Georgian-American author and publisher, and a former Soviet dissident and human rights activist.
Chalidze was born in Moscow. He was educated as a physicist at the universities of Moscow and Tbilisi. In the mid-1960s, he joined the Soviet human rights movement and published a samizdat periodical ''Social Issues'' (Obshchestvennye problemy).〔''A Chronicle of Current Events'' No 16, 31 October 1970 — 16.11 "Samizdat update – item 2 ''Social Issues'' No 6".〕
==The Moscow Human Rights Committee==
On 4 November 1970 Chalidze, along with Andrei Sakharov and Andrei Tverdokhlebov, became one of the three founding members of the Moscow Human Rights Committee. On 21 December 1970 ''Newsweek'', the US weekly magazine, published Chalidze’s replies to questions from its Moscow correspondent about the Committee’s aims and the prospects for its activities.〔''A Chronicle of Current Events'' No 17, 31 December 1970 — 17.4 "The Committee for Human Rights in the USSR".〕
The Committee was among the first non-governmental organizations in the history of the Soviet Union (cf. "Action Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR", set up in May 1969),〔''A Chronicle of Current Events'' No 8, 30 June 1969 — 8.10 "An Appeal to the UN Commission on Human Rights".〕 and eventually became affiliated with the United Nations. Its purpose was to offer free legal advice to persons whose human rights had been violated by the Soviet authorities, and also to advise those authorities on their legal obligations in regard to human rights under international and Soviet law.
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